Women worker empowerment through tourism: a look at gender equity
Author: Ziyang Huang
1 Commentries
Abstract: Looking at the gender equity in tourism industry, as well as the Women worker empowerment through tourism. This paper will foucs on the Women’s job in tourism equity, whatever the basic Women labor force or Women entrepreneur in tourism. On the other hand, this paper also will judge on the Women workers’ develop advantages in this industry. This Paper also focused on case studies of positive examples of women empowerment through tourism. The research has been undertaken for purpose of contributing to the new action plan recently launched by United Nations World Travel Organization (UNWTO) in this area.
Key Words: gender equity, Women, Worker, Empowerment, Tourism, Labor force, Entrepreneur
Empowerment is defined as a critical aspect of gender equality implies a society in which women and men enjoy the same opportunities, outcomes, rights and obligations in all spheres of life. A critical aspect of promoting gender equality is the empowerment of women, with a focus on identifying and redressing power imbalances and giving women more autonomy to manage their own lives. Women’s empowerment is vital to sustainable development and the realization of human right for all. Tourism is a tool to empower women from various aspects. Tourism could assist women to increase power and control over natural resources; economic empowerment; educational empowerment and political empowerment( Ampumuza, 2008).
In recent decades, the employment situation of women gradually improved, but women in the labor market is still in a weak position, which is poor employment prospects. Tourism as the most likely to attract women employment in the industry, its essential fairness important of employment. Tousim can provides significant opportunities for woman, according to UNWTO Highlight 2010, tourism’s contriubtion to employment is estimated to be 7% of overall number of jobs worldwide (UNWTO,2010). Women accounting for more than 50% of tourism practitioners, they are necessary human resources in modern torusim services. However, they encounter unfairness of sexual discrimination, low ranking and low income engaged in the work.
Tourism as a labor-intensive industry that can attract a lot of employment worker. According to UNED UK through the 73 countries in tourism employment of men and women report shows that female employment in the tourism industry accounted of occupies 46%, and in most countries, this proportion is higher than the proportion of female workers in total employment accounted for 34%-40%. According to the China Tourism Administration Almanac data show that women work in the tourism industry occupied high share of employment in China. Chinese tourism as a new generation of high-speed development of the industry, and the rapid pace of development in recent years,they has developed into a pillar industry of China's economy. In China’s tourism, due to the national economy increasingly apparent the women gradually improve the status progressively, and from the significant value of tourism and environmental protection, cultural and social progress, in many multiple levels of women in their family roles, and its not only in economic terms, but also in education, social communication, and other aspects of sustainable development to give the show, and step to deepening. For this reason, the women in a comprehensive and systematic analysis in the development of tourism, both contribute to the rapid development of tourism booming, more conducive to clarify the significance of women in the national economy strategic and progress of pillar industries even the social development.
Tourism as the one of the major economic activities in most of the countries in Asia region.improved flight connections flights have made people from all over the world easier to travel to Asia despite some destinations being bypassed and shorter to stay (choy, 1998).China is seen a new powerful country in the region. Since 1978, with the introduction of the openness and fredom policy, the economic of China has been gradually evolving from a closed solicalist economy towards a market system faced with the imperatives of ecnonmic development and moderniation(Jackson 2006). In the Chinese tourism market supply, Women occupy half members in the total employees. And from the women employee language skills, ability to observe, thinking ability has advantages than Man. Although the women employee has some virtue than man,but most of them are engaged in the work of low-income, low position. Women lack of development opportunities. In many internal selection process, which is the majority of male executives manager decision. Women also lack of training opportunities, lack of management experience, resulting in a competitive disadvantage.
All in all, the tourism industry is suitable for women’s development industry, but women's employment situation is not ideal, this is because there has some problem of social injustice and discrimination in the tourism industry, these factors hinder women's career development. Therefore, if want to improve the overall quality of tourism would must guarantee the legitimate rights of female workers, So as to allow the quality of the tourism industry to improve and the service have to make taking a step forward, but also allows the tourism industry can be long term sustainability development.
Reference
Ampumuza, 2008, Women and MGD, viewed 30 June, 2008.
Choy, J D 1998, ‘research Notes- Changing Trands in Asia-Pacific Tourism’ Toursim Management vol.19, no,4,p381-382
Jackson, J 2006, ‘Developing Regional Tourism in China: The potential for Activating Business Clusters in a Socialist Market Economic’, Tourism Management, vol. 27, no. 4.p695-706.
UNWTO (2010), UNWTO Highlights, 2010 Edition, UNWTO, Madrid.
UNED UK (2010),United Nations Enviroment and Developement- United Kingdom Committe.
Key Words: gender equity, Women, Worker, Empowerment, Tourism, Labor force, Entrepreneur
Empowerment is defined as a critical aspect of gender equality implies a society in which women and men enjoy the same opportunities, outcomes, rights and obligations in all spheres of life. A critical aspect of promoting gender equality is the empowerment of women, with a focus on identifying and redressing power imbalances and giving women more autonomy to manage their own lives. Women’s empowerment is vital to sustainable development and the realization of human right for all. Tourism is a tool to empower women from various aspects. Tourism could assist women to increase power and control over natural resources; economic empowerment; educational empowerment and political empowerment( Ampumuza, 2008).
In recent decades, the employment situation of women gradually improved, but women in the labor market is still in a weak position, which is poor employment prospects. Tourism as the most likely to attract women employment in the industry, its essential fairness important of employment. Tousim can provides significant opportunities for woman, according to UNWTO Highlight 2010, tourism’s contriubtion to employment is estimated to be 7% of overall number of jobs worldwide (UNWTO,2010). Women accounting for more than 50% of tourism practitioners, they are necessary human resources in modern torusim services. However, they encounter unfairness of sexual discrimination, low ranking and low income engaged in the work.
Tourism as a labor-intensive industry that can attract a lot of employment worker. According to UNED UK through the 73 countries in tourism employment of men and women report shows that female employment in the tourism industry accounted of occupies 46%, and in most countries, this proportion is higher than the proportion of female workers in total employment accounted for 34%-40%. According to the China Tourism Administration Almanac data show that women work in the tourism industry occupied high share of employment in China. Chinese tourism as a new generation of high-speed development of the industry, and the rapid pace of development in recent years,they has developed into a pillar industry of China's economy. In China’s tourism, due to the national economy increasingly apparent the women gradually improve the status progressively, and from the significant value of tourism and environmental protection, cultural and social progress, in many multiple levels of women in their family roles, and its not only in economic terms, but also in education, social communication, and other aspects of sustainable development to give the show, and step to deepening. For this reason, the women in a comprehensive and systematic analysis in the development of tourism, both contribute to the rapid development of tourism booming, more conducive to clarify the significance of women in the national economy strategic and progress of pillar industries even the social development.
Tourism as the one of the major economic activities in most of the countries in Asia region.improved flight connections flights have made people from all over the world easier to travel to Asia despite some destinations being bypassed and shorter to stay (choy, 1998).China is seen a new powerful country in the region. Since 1978, with the introduction of the openness and fredom policy, the economic of China has been gradually evolving from a closed solicalist economy towards a market system faced with the imperatives of ecnonmic development and moderniation(Jackson 2006). In the Chinese tourism market supply, Women occupy half members in the total employees. And from the women employee language skills, ability to observe, thinking ability has advantages than Man. Although the women employee has some virtue than man,but most of them are engaged in the work of low-income, low position. Women lack of development opportunities. In many internal selection process, which is the majority of male executives manager decision. Women also lack of training opportunities, lack of management experience, resulting in a competitive disadvantage.
All in all, the tourism industry is suitable for women’s development industry, but women's employment situation is not ideal, this is because there has some problem of social injustice and discrimination in the tourism industry, these factors hinder women's career development. Therefore, if want to improve the overall quality of tourism would must guarantee the legitimate rights of female workers, So as to allow the quality of the tourism industry to improve and the service have to make taking a step forward, but also allows the tourism industry can be long term sustainability development.
Reference
Ampumuza, 2008, Women and MGD, viewed 30 June, 2008.
Choy, J D 1998, ‘research Notes- Changing Trands in Asia-Pacific Tourism’ Toursim Management vol.19, no,4,p381-382
Jackson, J 2006, ‘Developing Regional Tourism in China: The potential for Activating Business Clusters in a Socialist Market Economic’, Tourism Management, vol. 27, no. 4.p695-706.
UNWTO (2010), UNWTO Highlights, 2010 Edition, UNWTO, Madrid.
UNED UK (2010),United Nations Enviroment and Developement- United Kingdom Committe.