The after shock of 9/11 and how this changed the perceptions of travel from a tourists perspective.
Author: Rebecca Waltham
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Abstract
The after shock of 9/11 and how this changed the perceptions of travel from a tourist's perspective. The media reaction to the attack is outlined in addition to an insight into the security measures that were put in place.
Key Words
9/11, Media, Travel, Security
9/11 what can you remember of the after shocks with regards to the terrorism attack? Did you form a perceived conception of security and safety?
Introduction
In terms of the 9/11 attacks the main impacts were based around security and how tourists saw the possible risks of terrorism. The way the media reacted when the news came through of the attacks was poignant as there were no words to describe the horrific attacks that occurred on that fateful day on September 11th 2001.
According to Sandler and Enders (2005) more than three years after the attacks took place in America the government bolstered the security measures in all the airports to ensure the safety of tourists. This statement outlines that, security is continually being upgraded for the safety of passengers.
The key findings of the conference paper
The key findings within the conference paper were, how did 9/11 change the way in which we travel? This is in relation to security which is one of the biggest differences in the way we travel since 2001.
Armed guards are common place and pre screening is without a doubt one of the main aspects, which has continued since the 9/11 attacks. Different security elements have been put in place to enable passengers to feel safer when travelling. It was only last year that body scanners came into force, which shows that the United States government wanted to ensure that there was not an air of complacency with regards to security.
In terms of the way in which we travel, has security improved our perceptions? In the case of the Guardian (2008) 11% of British tourists did not travel to America between the years 2000-2006. This indicates that even before the terrorism attacks there was a slight decline in British tourists.
Airline demand decreased as result of 9/11 attacks, those who had travel plans no longer felt safe in doing so. Therefore, this outlines the immediate impacts of 9/11 did effect tourists decision making when it came to their travel plans.
The reaction by the media on the 9/11 attacks as the news came filtering through
The main reaction of the terrorist attack from a media perspective was that of shock and disbelief. This was mirrored in the way BBC news presenters confirmed the news, by describing the images that could be seen, and using lexical terms such as terrorism and hijacking. Sackett (2006) outlines that after 9/11 a staggering 68% of Americans felt that terrorism is the most feared form of risk and this came above crime, war and natural disasters. This outlines that the media did not help to keep this fear at bay as a result of the headlines and the images from the attacks they projected.
This shows that when it comes to the immediate impact of a terrorist attack the first response is from the media, and once the newspapers and the news channels on television respond, there is the sense that this is where tourists gain their information from. They believe what was being written especially, when it came to talking about safety within the airline industry and how this has affected the perceptions of air travel. This essay has outlined how the events of 9/11 shaped the way tourists see the transport industry.
They perceive travel as something to be feared due to the way the attack spiralled security measures to high alert within the United States. Security measures have now changed forever due to the 9/11 attacks. There is however, one part of this which clearly stands out and that is the way the media responded to the events which took place.
Are we any safer because of the latest developments?
The latest development in terms of the death of Osama Bin Laden highlights that the safety of America is once again restored, and according to Homeland Security (2011). In terms of safety the world it is a much brighter and safer place therefore, this is indicating that the security and the developments which have occurred since 2001 give people more confidence to travel again. If the Homeland security is to be believed then it is true to say that we are safer and with the enhancement of security in place, it is important to note that there are still insecurities in terms of revenge attacks.
Conclusion
Terrorism did change the world as it dealt with how, the media according to Atheide (2007) who outlined that the media accounted for the attacks in New York with the headline "The World has changed" this summaries the main points within my conference paper. That is in terms of security and the way tourists felt about travelling after the terrorist attacks.
References
Altheide, D, L. (2007) The mass media and terrorism. Discourse and Communication vol. 1 (3), p287-308. Available from: http://dcm.sagepub.com/content/1/3/287.full.pdf+html . Accessed: [3rd May 2011]
Enders, W. and Sandler, T.(2005) After 9/11: is it all different Now? Journal of conflict Resolution, vol. 49 (2), 259-277
Guardian. (2008) Guardian: World 2008 Terrorism USA [online]. Available from: http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2008/feb/11/terrorism.usa
Home land security. (2011) Homeland security: [Online]. Homeland security. Available from: http://www.dhs.gov/ynews/releases/pr_1304346558767.shtm [Accessed:9th May 2011]
Sackett, H. and D, Botterill. (2006) Perceptions of international risk: an exploratory study of the influence of proximity to terrorist attack. E-review of tourism research 4, (2), 44-49. Available from: http://ertr.tamu.edu/attachments/194_Perceptions_of_international_travel_risk.4.15.2006.58-63.pdf . Accessed:[23rd April 2011]
The after shock of 9/11 and how this changed the perceptions of travel from a tourist's perspective. The media reaction to the attack is outlined in addition to an insight into the security measures that were put in place.
Key Words
9/11, Media, Travel, Security
9/11 what can you remember of the after shocks with regards to the terrorism attack? Did you form a perceived conception of security and safety?
Introduction
In terms of the 9/11 attacks the main impacts were based around security and how tourists saw the possible risks of terrorism. The way the media reacted when the news came through of the attacks was poignant as there were no words to describe the horrific attacks that occurred on that fateful day on September 11th 2001.
According to Sandler and Enders (2005) more than three years after the attacks took place in America the government bolstered the security measures in all the airports to ensure the safety of tourists. This statement outlines that, security is continually being upgraded for the safety of passengers.
The key findings of the conference paper
The key findings within the conference paper were, how did 9/11 change the way in which we travel? This is in relation to security which is one of the biggest differences in the way we travel since 2001.
Armed guards are common place and pre screening is without a doubt one of the main aspects, which has continued since the 9/11 attacks. Different security elements have been put in place to enable passengers to feel safer when travelling. It was only last year that body scanners came into force, which shows that the United States government wanted to ensure that there was not an air of complacency with regards to security.
In terms of the way in which we travel, has security improved our perceptions? In the case of the Guardian (2008) 11% of British tourists did not travel to America between the years 2000-2006. This indicates that even before the terrorism attacks there was a slight decline in British tourists.
Airline demand decreased as result of 9/11 attacks, those who had travel plans no longer felt safe in doing so. Therefore, this outlines the immediate impacts of 9/11 did effect tourists decision making when it came to their travel plans.
The reaction by the media on the 9/11 attacks as the news came filtering through
The main reaction of the terrorist attack from a media perspective was that of shock and disbelief. This was mirrored in the way BBC news presenters confirmed the news, by describing the images that could be seen, and using lexical terms such as terrorism and hijacking. Sackett (2006) outlines that after 9/11 a staggering 68% of Americans felt that terrorism is the most feared form of risk and this came above crime, war and natural disasters. This outlines that the media did not help to keep this fear at bay as a result of the headlines and the images from the attacks they projected.
This shows that when it comes to the immediate impact of a terrorist attack the first response is from the media, and once the newspapers and the news channels on television respond, there is the sense that this is where tourists gain their information from. They believe what was being written especially, when it came to talking about safety within the airline industry and how this has affected the perceptions of air travel. This essay has outlined how the events of 9/11 shaped the way tourists see the transport industry.
They perceive travel as something to be feared due to the way the attack spiralled security measures to high alert within the United States. Security measures have now changed forever due to the 9/11 attacks. There is however, one part of this which clearly stands out and that is the way the media responded to the events which took place.
Are we any safer because of the latest developments?
The latest development in terms of the death of Osama Bin Laden highlights that the safety of America is once again restored, and according to Homeland Security (2011). In terms of safety the world it is a much brighter and safer place therefore, this is indicating that the security and the developments which have occurred since 2001 give people more confidence to travel again. If the Homeland security is to be believed then it is true to say that we are safer and with the enhancement of security in place, it is important to note that there are still insecurities in terms of revenge attacks.
Conclusion
Terrorism did change the world as it dealt with how, the media according to Atheide (2007) who outlined that the media accounted for the attacks in New York with the headline "The World has changed" this summaries the main points within my conference paper. That is in terms of security and the way tourists felt about travelling after the terrorist attacks.
References
Altheide, D, L. (2007) The mass media and terrorism. Discourse and Communication vol. 1 (3), p287-308. Available from: http://dcm.sagepub.com/content/1/3/287.full.pdf+html . Accessed: [3rd May 2011]
Enders, W. and Sandler, T.(2005) After 9/11: is it all different Now? Journal of conflict Resolution, vol. 49 (2), 259-277
Guardian. (2008) Guardian: World 2008 Terrorism USA [online]. Available from: http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2008/feb/11/terrorism.usa
Home land security. (2011) Homeland security: [Online]. Homeland security. Available from: http://www.dhs.gov/ynews/releases/pr_1304346558767.shtm [Accessed:9th May 2011]
Sackett, H. and D, Botterill. (2006) Perceptions of international risk: an exploratory study of the influence of proximity to terrorist attack. E-review of tourism research 4, (2), 44-49. Available from: http://ertr.tamu.edu/attachments/194_Perceptions_of_international_travel_risk.4.15.2006.58-63.pdf . Accessed:[23rd April 2011]